The problem of cognitive status in women with oncohematological diseases during chemotherapy is actively studied both in Russia and abroad. The designated problem does not lose its relevance due to the insufficient volume of psychological research on this issue, the emergence of new options for chemotherapeutic treatment, as well as low differentiation of research results. The hypothesis of this study: there is a relationship between the severity of chemotherapy and the degree of decline in cognitive functions in women with oncohematological diseases during chemotherapy. Criteria for including patients in the sample: 1) female patients; 2) the presence of malignant neoplasms of lymphoid, hematopoietic and related tissues in patients; 3) undergoing a course of chemotherapy; 4) the absence of mental disorders. The sample is divided into 2 groups depending on the severity of chemotherapy (maintenance, intensive). Research methods: a set of neuropsychological tests taken from the classic neuropsychological album of A.R. Luria. The results of the study show that all subjects have a general cognitive decline, but to a greater extent, the impairment of cognitive functions is characteristic of patients undergoing intensive chemotherapy. Statistically significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) were found between the study groups in the degree of impairment of intellectual processes and the level of decline in regulatory functions, which partially confirms the hypothesis of the study.